Development of Cellulose–Rice Husk Composite: Evaluation of Fire Resistance and Fungal Growth

Abstract

This study examines the use of recycled materials in sustainable construction, specifically a rice husk-newspaper-PVAc-borax composite made from recycled newspaper cellulose (9%), rice husk (14%), borax (15%), and polyvinyl acetate-PVAc (62%). Tests for water absorption, density, fire resistance, and mold growth were conducted following ASTM and European standards. The composite showed high water absorption but improved moisture resistance due to rice husk and borax. Its intermediate density balances strength and lightness, making it suitable for various applications. Fire tests revealed reduced fire propagation in samples containing borax, enhancing fireproofing properties. Borax also inhibited fungal growth, aligning with previous studies. While these results are promising, further research is needed to evaluate the composite’s commercial viability and performance.