Brushless D.C. motor drive control by using hybrid commutation

Abstract

The permanent magnet brushless dc (BLDC) motor turned on and off by adjusting the magnetic fields created by the adjacent stationary coils in the appropriate direction. A BLDC motor’s six terminals—two per coil—extend from the stator and can be used to regulate the motor’s rotation. Feedback systems can be used to precisely control the torque and rotation speed of BLDC motors. There are two main types of three-phase BLDC motors: sensor and sensorless. The sensorless BLDC motor control approach is based on the Back Electromotive Force (BEMF) produced in the stator windings. The suggested CPLD- and BEMF-based Hybrid Commutation Model significantly outperforms traditional microcontroller-based, sensor-dependent BLDC motor control systems. The approach achieves the following goals by using BEMF for sensorless operation and a CPLD for high-speed logic processing: faster commutation transitions, higher efficiency, greater fault tolerance, and reduced torque ripple. Our realization is divided into three main sections. These sections are discussed in the methodology. This method uses hybrid commutation and sensorless feedback via the back electromagnetic field method. Plots of speed and motor current, the microcontroller’s triggering pulses, and the MOSFET-manipulated BLDC motor input voltage have been shown. CPLD + BEMF-based Hybrid offers the best efficiency, seamless switching, and the highest torque ripple reduction (~45%), making it ideal for high-performance applications.