Journal of Applied Research and Technology

Characterization of urban mobility in Bogotá: A spatial autocorrelation analysis

2024-09-25T10:49:50-06:00

This paper studies the variables influencing urban mobility in Bogotá's Urban Planning Zones (UPZs) through spatial autocorrelation analysis. Initially, data from various databases were compiled, covering 13 variables across 111 UPZs. A descriptive analysis identified significant variables, revealing a positive skewness trend. Higher social strata (4, 5, and 6) correlated with better mobility indices and more automobiles per family. The Moran Index showed strong spatial autocorrelation in mobility indices, indicating that nearby UPZs have similar mobility patterns. Areas like Suba and Usaquén, with better infrastructure, showed higher mobility indices, while Ciudad Bolívar and Usme had poor infrastructure and low mobility. The study highlights the correlation between mobility and factors like social strata, automobile numbers, and infrastructure, providing a foundation for future transport and urban planning policies.

Maximizing transmission efficiency through WDM-DCF Integration in optical fiber communication systems

2024-10-03T05:34:01-06:00

In the realm of optical fiber communication systems, maximizing transmission efficiency stands as a paramount objective. This study embarks on an innovative approach, merging wavelengthdivision multiplexing (WDM) with dispersion compensation fiber (DCF), to address the persistent challenges of signal degradation due to dispersion. Drawing from comprehensive simulations and meticulous analysis, our research reveals the transformative potential of this integrated solution. By seamlessly integrating WDM and DCF, we achieve remarkable enhancements in transmission performance, characterized by superior signal fidelity, unprecedented transmission distances, and unparalleled data rates. This study not only underscores the technological advancements propelling optical communication systems into a new era of efficiency but also heralds the dawn of a paradigm shift in high-speed, long-distance communication networks.

Acoustic and thermal study of coconut fiber agglomerated with cassava starch

2024-10-04T13:36:47-06:00

In this work, a thermal and acoustic study of specimens made from coconut fiber agglomerated with cassava starch is carried out. Sound absorption was measured in a transmission tube according to ISO 10534-2: 2001, in order to obtain the sound absorption coefficient (α). In addition, procedures described in ASTM E2611–19 were implemented to determine the sound transmission loss (STL). The results demonstrate the capacity of the tested specimen as a sound absorber, with absorption coefficients greater than 70% for a considerable range of frequencies starting at around 1000 Hz and above. Similarly, the thermal study of the material based on ASTM C-177 indicates an average thermal conductivity coefficient of 0,174 W/m.K, in a range of inlet temperatures between 52°C and 137°C, confirming that it has qualities that are similar to good thermal insulators, although still not comparable to some industrial materials.

Development and implementation of a microstrip antenna for autonomous vehicles and IoT in 5G communication systems

2024-08-08T10:43:05-06:00

This research paper shows the design and implementation of a 5.8 GHz microstrip patch antenna (MPA). Experimental investigations have concluded that employing a 0.8 mm high Rogers Rt-duroid substrate along with an inset feeding technique produces optimal outcomes to fulfill the demands of 5G applications. The designed antenna demonstrates 8.09 dBi directivity, a 7.38 dB gain, and -20 dB return loss at its resonant frequency. To further verify the performance of antenna, it was fabricated and evaluated using the CST Microwave Studio program, a 3D simulation tool specifically designed for antenna design and parameter calculation

Overcoming challenges in patient transportation: A novel stretcher design for uneven terrains

2024-09-18T09:28:45-06:00

Transporting patients through stretchers and wheelchairs is a critical activity in the emergency management services. When such systems need to be used in uneven terrain, outdoor environments, and stairs, the transportation process imparts severe difficulty and challenges for medical attendants and paramedics. Most of the available transportation systems are designed to function on the plain engineered surface. This paper presents a novel concept of a rocker-bogie mechanism-based stretcher for patient transportation in uneven terrain. The rocker-bogie mechanism is proven to be an effective suspension system for navigating through obstacles and stairs. The design considerations of the rocker-bogie mechanism for inclusion in the stretcher are discussed. Static structural analysis of the system is performed using commercial finite element analysis software. Parameters pertaining to structural safety are analyzed. Based on the results of the structural analysis the feasibility of the proposed design is assessed.

Ball mill energy efficiency optimization: A lifter face angle optimization approach

2024-08-09T18:16:45-06:00

On average, approximately 40% of the total energy consumed by grinding comminution industries is attributed to industrial ball mills, underscoring the urgent necessity to address this energy consumption challenge. This study investigates the influence of lifter face angle variations on the performance of ball mills in comminution processes. Through a combination of Discrete Element Method (DEM) simulations and experimental design, the study explores the effects of lifter face angle on energy efficiency, wear rates, and comminution effectiveness. Findings reveal that smaller lifter face angles result in increased scattering of ore particles within the mill, while larger angles lead to reduced wear and improved grindability of materials. The optimal lifter face angle is identified as approximately 24.8°, falling within the typical range used by industrial ball mill accessories manufacturers. An overall energy saving of 5.89% is achieved by using the optimum ball mill lifter face angle of 24.8°. Recommendations for future research include further exploration of optimal parameters, experimental validation of findings, and the development of advanced modelling techniques. By implementing these recommendations, the study aims to contribute to enhanced efficiency, durability, and sustainability in ball mill operations.

Social media advertisement for public disease prevention framework as an innovative tool: An approach using EFA and PLS-SEM

2024-08-06T13:42:46-06:00

The article discusses Social Media Advertisement (SMA) as an innovative tool for Public Disease Prevention (PDP), emphasizing its cost-effectiveness and accessibility to small organizations. The study aims to highlight the importance of SMA platforms in emerging countries like Mexico and explores their potential as tools for PDP, addressing eight factors. The research follows a four-step methodology involving qualitative and quantitative approaches, leading to the development of a validated questionnaire. The study's theoretical framework integrates qualitative and quantitative methods, offering insights for strategic digital marketing planning, especially benefiting Mexican university students. The research fills a gap in studies related to Mexico and establishes a conceptual framework validated through PLS-SEM, contributing to both theory and practice in SMA for PDP. Future studies are encouraged to explore cross-cultural adaptation and advanced data analytics for a deeper understanding.

Design of an iterative method for skin disease classification integrating multimodal data fusion with MVAE and transfer learning via Inception-ResNet V2

2024-08-11T00:47:08-06:00

This study deals with the necessity of advancement in the classification of skin diseases, attaining a classification result with optimized parameters, using soft computing, machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), data science, and data analysis techniques. Conventional approaches require considerable amounts of labelled data, which are resource consuming when compared to other medical fields. To address these challenges, our work, by adopting an integrative methodology, introduces an integrative framework by utilizing multimodal data fusion, transfer learning with pre-trained models, uncertainty quantification, and active learning strategies. Our multimodal data fusion approach is based on the multimodal variational autoencoder (MVAE), a powerful method for obtaining joint latent representations from diverse data modalities, including images, textual descriptions, patient histories, and genetic information. This method highly outperforms the single-modality approaches, especially in improving classification accuracy metrics such as F1-scores and area under the ROC curve (AUC). In addition, we make use of fine-tuning the pre-trained Inception-ResNet V2 model for transfer learning as a way of enhancing the capacity to classify skin diseases. Our methodology introduces the Monte Carlo dropout Bayesian convolutional neural network (MC-Bayes CNN) for uncertainty quantification. This novel approach, for the first time, allows us to make predictions with probabilistic values, including uncertainties, an extremely important development for the application of medicine to the diagnosis of diseases. Finally, the incorporation of collaboration-by-committee (QBC) active learning with Bayesian neural networks is expected to significantly revolutionize efficient model training with minimal labelled data samples. This indeed reduces the amount of labelled data needed; thereby significantly enhancing the classification accuracy achieved with only limited labelled data samples.

Influence of flow field and gas diffusion layer on polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell performance

2024-07-11T12:31:52-06:00

In the present study, the flow field in the bi-polar plate and Gas diffusion layer (GDL) of 1.2 kW Nexa fuel cell (FC) training system having a serpentine flow field has been examined. The channel dimension and shape in the flow field of the bipolar/end plates have been examined. Pressure drop with hydrogen flow rate and channel length. For enormous hydrogen inputs, The optimal measurement is around 1.5, 1.5,, and 0.5 mm for the values of channel width, channel depth, and width of land, corresponding Research on the effect of channel designs revealed that semi-circular, rectangle and triangular-shaped and found The land width for triangular and semicircular-shaped are almost zero millimeters which increase the water vapor accumulation, due to which the losses increase. However there are very few losses in the polarization curve seen in the square cross-section because there is very l water vapor buildup. A GDL is an essential component of an FC. The three-dimensional model of the GDL is simulated using COMSOL metaphysics 4.2 and observed that increased porosity facilitated the entry of more reactants into the reaction side, resulting in increased current density. Low membrane thickness resulted from excessive current density in the membrane. Thicker GDL provides reactant species that raise the rate of consumption at the point where the catalytic layer and GDL interface. The outcomes of the simulation are contrasted with experimental data found in published works. The comparison demonstrates that the modeling outcomes and the experimental data agree quite well.

Synthesis and Characterization of tert-butyl 3-(((2-hydroxynaphthalen1-yl)methylene)amino)-4-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)piperidine-1- carboxylate: A piperidine clubbed Boc protected versatile building block for multi functionalized chemical reactions

2024-07-30T17:40:45-06:00

A novel fluorine containing Schiff base tert-butyl 3-(((2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methylene)amino)-4-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)piperidine-1-carboxylate (RSB1) a possible potent reactive building block was synthesized by condensing fluorine bearing piperidine containing boc protected amine derivative with the 2hydroxy napthaldehyde using simple condensation method in good yield and high purity. Structure characterization of the title compound was done by, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR and HRMS spectral analysis