Jamali, Shahram, Rezaei Leila, and Sajjad Jahanbakhsh Gudakahriz. “An Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol for MANETs: A Particle Swarm Optimization Approach”. Journal of Applied Research and Technology 11, no. 6 (December 1, 2013). Accessed June 12, 2025. https://jart.icat.unam.mx/index.php/jart/article/view/253.